ื“ืœื’ื• ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ
ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืชืขืกืง ืจืืฉื•ืŸ

ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ื‘ืœื™ ืจืขืฉ.

ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืืชืจ
ืžื™ื–ื ื—ื“ืฉ: ืื™ืš ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ, ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ืืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ืืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ: ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืจืฉืžื”, ื”ืขืžืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื—ืžืฆื’ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช: ืื™ืš ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆื’ืช ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืฆืขื” ื•ืœืฆืขื“ ื”ื‘ืืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขืกืง ืงื˜ืŸ: ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืคื ื™ื•ืชื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ืช ืœืขืกืง ืงื˜ืŸ: ืžื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”coworking: ืžื”ื• ื—ืœืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื•ืื™ื–ื” ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื ืœืขืกืง ืงื˜ืŸื”ื’ืจืœื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืขืกืง: ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ื•ื”ื”ืงืœื•ืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ึพ2027ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช: ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื•ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ืขืกืง ื™ื—ื“
ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ

ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื: ื ื•ืกื— ืœื”ืขืชืงื” ื•ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืชืืžื” ืœืขืกืง

ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžื—ื™ืจ ืกื•ืคื™, ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ืืกืคืงื”, ืชื ืื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื•ื“ืจืš ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ. ืœืคื ื™ื›ื ื ื•ืกื— ืœื”ืขืชืงื” ื•ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื›ื ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืขืกืง ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžืจืืฉ ืžื” ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ.

ืื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืกืžืš ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืฆื“ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื•ืชืžืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ.
ืชืžื•ื ื”: ืื™ื•ืจ ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช

ืื™ืš ืžื›ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื

ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ, ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืžื” ื”ืœืงื•ื— ื™ืงื‘ืœ, ืคืจื˜ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื, ื›ืชื‘ื• ืžืชื™ ืชืกืคืงื• ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืงืฉื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื’ืจืกื” ื”ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืฉืฉืœื—ืชื. ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ื’ื ืžื” ืื™ื ื• ื›ืœื•ืœ ื•ืื™ืš ืชื˜ืคืœื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžืœืื” ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘, ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืœืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉืืชื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื.

ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืขืกืง ื•ื”ืœืงื•ื—, ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื• ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืกืคืง. ืื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืกืจื™ื ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื’ืœื, ื‘ืจืจื• ืื•ืชื ืœืคื ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืกื•ืคื™. ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื•ืžื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ. ืื ืืชื ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื”, ืจืื• ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืฆื’ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืฆืขื“ ื”ื‘ื.

ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœื ื™ืกื•ื— ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœื”ืฆืขื” ื•ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ื™ืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืจืง ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื.

ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ
ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืžืกืžืš
ื ืฉืœื—ื” ื”ืฆืขื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ื’ืžื™ืจืช ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื•ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื” (ืกืขื™ืฃ 2). ืฉื”ืชื›ื•ืœื” ื•ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ.
ื ืงื‘ืข ืžื•ืขื“ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื”ืฆืขื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื” ืžื•ืขื“ ืœืงื‘ืœื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืžื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืžืกืจื” (ืกืขื™ืฃ 3), ื•ื”ื™ื ืคื•ืงืขืช ื›ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ (ืกืขื™ืฃ 4). ืฉื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืงื‘ืขืชื.
ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืื™ื ื• ืžื’ื™ื‘ ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืข ืฉื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืชื•ืงืฃ (ืกืขื™ืฃ 6). ืฉืœื ื”ืกืชืžื›ืชื ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ืงื” ื›ืื™ืฉื•ืจ.
ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžืืฉืจ ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืชื•ืกืคืช, ื”ื’ื‘ืœื” ืื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืฆืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื” (ืกืขื™ืฃ 11). ืžื” ื”ืฉืชื ื” ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ื ื•ืกื— ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœื™ื•.

ืžืงื•ืจ: ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื (ื—ืœืง ื›ืœืœื™), ืชืฉืœืดื’ึพ1973, ืคืจืง ื›ืจื™ืชืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”

ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”: ืžื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืขื“ ืœืกื›ื•ื ืœืชืฉืœื•ื

  1. ืจืฉืžื• ืœืžื™ ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช. ื›ืœืœื• ืืช ืฉื ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื›ื, ืคืจื˜ื™ ืงืฉืจ ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื—. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ืจืจื• ืื™ื–ื• ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื–ืžื™ื ื” ื•ืžื™ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช. ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืชืืจื™ืš ื•ืžื–ื”ื” ืœื”ืฆืขื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืกืื•ืช.
  2. ืชืืจื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืชืกืคืงื•. ื›ืชื‘ื• ืžื” ื™ื™ืžืกืจ ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืฆื•ืจื”. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ืดืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืœืขืกืงืด, ืคืจื˜ื• ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ, ื”ื›ืžื•ืช, ื”ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ื•ืกื‘ื‘ื™ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจืช ืžื•ืฆืจ, ืฆื™ื™ื ื• ื“ื’ื, ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืคืจื˜ ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™.
  3. ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืคืจื˜ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื, ืื ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœื”ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื—ื•ืžืจ ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืื ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”, ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืคืกื” ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ. ืชื•ืกืคืช ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื—ื ืช ืžื”ื”ื–ืžื ื” ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช.
  4. ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ. ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืฆืžื”, ื”ื”ื›ื ื”, ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืชื™ืฉืื• ื‘ื”ืŸ. ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ื•ื– ืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ืชืžื—ื•ืจ. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ืฉืงืœ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืœืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ.
  5. ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืชื ืื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื. ื›ืชื‘ื• ืžื” ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžืชื™ ื ืžืกืจ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืชื™ ืžืฉื•ืœื ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง. ืื ืืชื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื”ืœืงื•ื—, ืงืฉืจื• ืืช ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืชื. ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืชื ืื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคืจืฉ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืดื‘ืกื™ื•ืืด.
  6. ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื• ืชื•ืงืฃ ื•ื“ืจืš ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ. ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื• ืขื“ ืžืชื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื•ื‘ืงืฉื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืžื–ื”ื” ืื•ืชื”. ื‘ื—ืจื• ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื•: ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื•ืขื“ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืžื ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช.

ืืœ ืชืขืžื™ืกื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขื” ืงืฆืจื” ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ืฉื”ืขืชืงืชื ืžื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืื—ืจืช. ืชื ืื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืœืขืกืงื” ืฉืœื›ื. ืื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื›ื, ื‘ื“ืงื• ืื•ืชื ืขื ืื™ืฉ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื—ื”.

ืื™ืš ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืžืขืดืž ื•ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืกื•ืคื™

ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœึพ9 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2026, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืดืž ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื•ื 18%, ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืœืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืดืž ื‘ึพ2025. ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉื‘ื” ืขื•ืกืง ืžื•ืจืฉื” ืžืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืจื’ื™ืœ, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก, ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืขืดืž ื•ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ. ื•ื“ืื• ืฉื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืชื•ืื ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ืœืžืขืžื“ ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื›ื.

ื‘ื”ืฆื’ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™, ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืžืขืดืž ื•ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืืœ ืชืกืชืคืงื• ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉืืœื™ื• ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืžืก ื‘ืขืฆืžื•. ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฆื’ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื.

ืขื•ืกืง ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืขืดืž ืžื”ืœืงื•ื—. ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฆืขื” ืฉื”ืขืกืง ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืฉืœื ื ื’ื‘ื” ืžืขืดืž, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื–ืืช ื›ืขืกืงื” ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ืžืขืดืž ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืืคืก. ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ ืขื•ืกืง ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืืชืจ ื›ืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช.

ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ื”ื ื—ื”, ื”ืฆื™ื’ื• ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ื•ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ืœืชืฉืœื•ื. ืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื. ื›ืœื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ืœื™ืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืก ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืขืกืงื”.

ื ื•ืกื— ืœื”ืขืชืงื”: ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ื™ืคื•ืชื˜ื™ืช ืœื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ

ื ื ื™ื— ืฉืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื, ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื›ืขื•ืกืง ืžื•ืจืฉื”, ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืกืง ืื—ืจ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืขืœื•ืŸ. ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื, ื”ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ื™ืคื•ืชื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืžื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื”. ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืžื—ื™ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื•ืง ืื• ื”ืžืœืฆื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืงื“ืžื”.

ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืขืœื•ืŸ ืœืขืกืง

ืžืืช: [ืฉื ื”ืขืกืง ื•ืฉื ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช], [ืžืกืคืจ ืขื•ืกืง], [ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื•ื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™].

ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“: [ืฉื ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ], [ืžืกืคืจ ืขื•ืกืง ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื”], ืœื™ื“ื™ [ืฉื ืื™ืฉ ื”ืงืฉืจ].

ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฆืขื”: 104. ืชืืจื™ืš: 9 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2026. ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ืœืงื‘ืœื” ืขื“ 23 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2026.

ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื”: ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืขืœื•ืŸ ื“ื•ึพืฆื“ื“ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืื™ื™ึพื—ืžืฉ, ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžืœืœ, ืกืžืœ ื”ืขืกืง ื•ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžืกื•ืจ ื”ืœืงื•ื—. ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืื—ื“, ืขื“ ืฉื ื™ ืกื‘ื‘ื™ ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืžืจื•ื›ื–ื™ื ื•ืžืกื™ืจืช ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืกื•ืคื™ ืœื“ืคื•ืก ื•ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืœืฆืคื™ื™ื”.

ืกื‘ื‘ ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ื ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ืื—ืช ืฉื™ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ืฉ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืœืงื•ื—. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื•, ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ืžืœืœ, ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืคืกื” ืื™ื ื ื›ืœื•ืœื™ื.

ืžื—ื™ืจ: 1,500 ืฉืดื— ืœืคื ื™ ืžืขืดืž. ืžืขืดืž ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ 18%: 270 ืฉืดื—. ืกืš ื”ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืฉืœื•ื: 1,770 ืฉืดื— ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืขืดืž (ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœึพื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2026, ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื™ืคื•ืชื˜ื™ ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”).

ืชื ืื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื: ืžืงื“ืžื” ื‘ืกืš 885 ืฉืดื— ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื™ืชืจื”, ื‘ืกืš 885 ืฉืดื—, ืชืฉื•ืœื ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกื™ืจืช ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื”ืกื•ืคื™ื™ื. ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ื‘ื ืงืื™ืช ืœืคื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืžืกืจื• ื‘ื ืคืจื“.

ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื: ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืชื™ืžืกืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืฆืขื”, ื”ืžืงื“ืžื” ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืื•ื—ืจ. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืฆืขื” ื–ื•, ื™ืžื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ื ื™ืžื™ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขื“ ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ืœืžืขื˜ ื—ื’ื™ื ื•ืขืจื‘ื™ ื—ื’. ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืžืกื™ืจื” ื”ืกื•ืคื™ืช ื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžื•ืขื“ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื.

ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช: ื‘ืงืฉื” ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžื”ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ืชืชื•ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื ืคืจื“. ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ื•ืกืคืช ืชืชื—ื™ืœ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขืชื” ืขืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืžืกื™ืจื”.

ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืฆืขื”: ื ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื”ืžืืฉืจ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ื•: ืดืื ื™ ืžืืฉืจ/ืช ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืกืคืจ 104 ืžื™ื•ื 9 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2026, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืืด.

ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ, ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื™ืจื• ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช ืœื›ื. ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื™ื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืžืœืื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘ืฆื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืงื” ืฉื‘ื” ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืชืื.

ืžื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืžื”ืœืงื•ื— ืœืืฉืจ

ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื, ื—ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ืจืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื” ื•ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ. ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ื’ืžื™ืจืช ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื•ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื” (ืกืขื™ืฃ 2), ื•ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืฆืข ืœืžืฆื™ืข ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ื’ืžื™ืจืช ื“ืขืชื• ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ (ืกืขื™ืฃ 5). ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืฉื ืชืชื ืœืžืกืžืš ืื™ื ื” ืงื•ื‘ืขืช ืœื‘ื“ื” ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื•.

ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ืื• ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืื—ืจืช, ื•ืื ื”ืžืฆื™ืข ืงื‘ืข ืฉื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ, ืœืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื”ื–ืืช ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืงืฃ (ืกืขื™ืฃ 6). ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืคืจืง ื›ืจื™ืชืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ื–ื™ื (ื—ืœืง ื›ืœืœื™). ืœื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืžืš ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ, ืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžืืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืžืชื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘.

ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช, ื‘ืงืฉื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืžืคื ื” ืœื”ืฆืขื” ื•ืœื’ืจืกื” ืฉืฉืœื—ืชื, ื•ืฉืžืจื• ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืกืžืš ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ืช. ืื ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืื• ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉืœื—ื• ื’ืจืกื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ืช ื•ื‘ืงืฉื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืชื ืื™ื”. ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืกื•ื›ื ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.

ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ื•ืื™ื ื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืื• ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™. ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช, ืื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืชื ืื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืก ืฉืื™ื ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื, ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื• ืขื ืื™ืฉ ืžืงืฆื•ืข.

ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™

  • ื•ื“ืื• ืฉืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื”ืžืกืžืš ืžื–ื”ื” ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืžื–ืžื™ืŸ.
  • ื‘ื“ืงื• ืฉื”ืœืงื•ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื™ืงื‘ืœ, ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื›ืžื•ืช ื•ืžื” ื™ื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
  • ื—ื‘ืจื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ื‘ื“ืงื• ืฉื”ื”ื ื—ื”, ื”ืžืขืดืž ื•ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืžืกืชื›ืžื™ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
  • ื•ื“ืื• ืฉื”ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ืžืชื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืžื”ืœืงื•ื—.
  • ื‘ื“ืงื• ืฉื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ืื™ืš ืžืืฉืจื™ื ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื•ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืกื•ื›ื.
  • ืคืชื—ื• ืืช ื”ืžืกืžืš ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื“ืื• ืฉื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืงืจื™ืื™ื.

ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ

ื‘ื“ืงื• ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”: ืœืฆืžืฆื ืชื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืื• ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืืกืคืงื”. ืื ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื ืœืชืช ื”ื ื—ื” ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ, ื›ืชื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ. ืืœ ืชืฉืื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืจืง ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” ื›ืฉื”ืžืกืžืš ืžืฆื™ื’ ืกื›ื•ื ืื—ืจ.

ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ

ื”ืฉื•ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืชื›ื•ืœื” ืฉืื•ืฉืจื”. ืื ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืจื’ืช ืžืžื ื”, ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืžื” ืžืชื•ื•ืกืฃ ื•ืฉืœื—ื• ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืžื•ืขื“ ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช. ืื ื”ื™ื ื ื›ืœืœืช ื‘ืกื‘ื‘ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื, ื˜ืคืœื• ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉืกื•ื›ืžื”.

ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉื™ื‘

ืฉืœื—ื• ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ืžืขืงื‘ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ืช ื•ืฉืืœื• ืื ื—ืกืจ ืคืจื˜ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”. ืื ื—ืœืฃ ืžื•ืขื“ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื”, ื‘ื“ืงื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื•ืืช ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืžืืฉืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืงื“ื. ืฉืžืจื• ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—.

ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช

ืื”ื‘ืชื? ืฉืชืคื• ืขื ืžื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื•